Question Of The Week
What is SSD?
A solid-state drive (SSD) is a data storage device. SSDs have no moving or mechanical parts, which distinguish them from traditional hard disk drives (HDDs) which contain magnetic spinning disks with movable read/write heads.
Since SSDs have no moving parts, they are basically silent, do not require cooling and can tolerate shock and vibration. While the most important advantage of a SSD is lower access time with less latency, the disadvantage is that SSDs are about 10 times more expensive than HDDs.
Most SSDs use I/O interfaces developed for HDDs, thus permitting simple replacement in all machines with the 2.5-inch form factor for laptops and 3.5-inch for desktop computers. Typically the same file systems used on HDDs can also be used on SSDs. While HDDs are available up to 4 TB, commonly used SSDs are less than 1 TB only.
There are two different types of SSDs; 1.the SLC (single level cell) and 2. the MLC (multi level cell). An SLC SSD is simply built where 1 bit rests within 1 cell of the SSD. Conversely, a MLC SSD means there are two bits within 1 cell of the SSD. MLC SSDs are lower priced but slower and less reliable than SLC SSDs. While the life expectancy of a MLC SSD might be similar to that of HDDs, SLC SSDs have been estimated to live anywhere between 49 years and 149 years, on average!
Newer SSDs use NAND-based flash memory, generally require half the power of HDDs and retain data without power. Older D-RAM based SSDs require as much power as HDDs, need separate power sources, such as batteries, to maintain data after the system is shut down. MLC flash is most common and is often found in consumer-grade products such as cameras, phones, pen drives, memory sticks and portable music players.
SSD technology suffers from a degradation phenomenon where the NAND cells show a measurable drop in performance called write amplification. A technique called wear leveling is implemented to mitigate this effect, but the drive will inevitably degrade in a gradual manner throughout its life.